This report focuses on the investigation of recirculation system balancing. Recirculation systems usually include parallel flow paths between supply and return pipes to distribute recirculation flow across all dwelling units. In an unbalanced system, water tends to travel through flow paths with...

In 2021 PG&E’s Code Readiness Program research team (research team) initiated an evaluation of measured building air-leakage rates in multifamily buildings across California. Several past studies tested air-leakage rates in multifamily buildings and dwelling unit compartmentalization rates, but...

On October 10, 2023, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) and Technical Support Document (TSD) for Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers (CRE). To support DOE’s CRE standards rulemaking, the CA...

The two main goals of this research project were (1) to validate ASHRAE Standard 195 “Method of Test for Rating Air Terminal Unit Controls” as a reasonable and fair method for evaluating the controllable minimum of VAV boxes and VAV box controllers and (2) to use Standard 195 to determine the...

In 2021 PG&E’s Code Readiness Program research team (research team) initiated an evaluation and data collection of nonresidential hydronic heat pump heating equipment across California. The intent of the data collection effort was to better understand how hydronic heat pumps perform under...

The California Investor-Owned Utilities (CA IOUs) analyzed the applicability and effectiveness of the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) MG 1 Part 34 Test Procedures for Totally Enclosed Air-Over (TEAO) motors. TEAO motors are a specific type of motor used in heating, ventilation...

This interim report, a product of Southern California Edison’s (SCE) Codes and Standards Planning and Coordination Program’s Key Initiatives, evaluates market barriers and identifies solutions to achieve energy-efficient building electrification within its service territory. The primary objective...

PG&E’s Code Readiness team conducted field research at two indoor cannabis facilities in Sacramento, California, to gather data on system operational energy use and thermal loads in controlled environment horticulture (CEH) facilities. The research focused on CEH production spaces, including...

The Study provided a standards-based approach (OpenADR 2.0b) for Providers to receive accurate pricing for their residential customers. ParticipatingProviders were expected to utilize this pricing data to accomplish price-optimized load shifting to provide different services such as customer bill...

In commercial buildings where forced-air heating and cooling systems are employed, the efficiency of ductwork plays a pivotal role in both energy management and indoor air quality.  According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA), ventilation systems in commercial buildings consume...